Wire-drawing machine



(No Model.)

c. A. cow-Las.

WIRE DRAWING MACHINE.

(Application led Feb. 23, 1897.|

Patented F'eb. 2|, |899.

Sheets-Sheet l.

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Dlvldor na/.. am @am Him A No. 6|9,724 'Patented Feng-2|, |899.

c. A. cowLEs. 'WIRE DRAWING MACHINE.

(Application filed Feb. 28, 1897.) (No Model.) 5 Sheetsf-Shee 2.

rl-1: Nums PETERS wv. PHOT0-LIYHO.. WASHINGTGN. mc.

, PatentedFeh. 2|, |899. C. A. COWLES'.

WIRE DRAWING MACHINE.

(Application filed Feb'. 23, 1-897.)

5 Shots--Sheet 3.

(N0 Model.)

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N0. 6l9,724. Pa'tnte'd Feb.'2|, |899.

.n.A. cowLEs. WIRE- DRAWING MAGHINE.

(Application filed Feb. 23, 1897.) (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

No. 6|9,724. l I Patented Feb. 2|,.I899. C. A. COWLES.

WIRE DRAWING NIAIHINE.A

- (Applichtion tiled Feb. 23, 1897.)

IN Modela 5..Sheets-Sheet' 5,

' ing the drawing-dies.

Nrrnn STATES "PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES A. COWLES, OF ANSONIA, CONNECTICUT.

WIRE-DRAWING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 619,724, dated February21, 1899. Application filed February 23, 1897, Serial No'l 624,693. (Nomodel.)

T0 a/ZZ whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, CHARLES A. CowLEs, of Ansonia, county of New Haven,State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful lmprovement inTire-Drawing Machines, of which the following is a specification,reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings.

I will describe a machine embodying my improvement and then point outthe novel features in claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a plan or top view of a machineembodying my improvement, certain parts being omitted on one side toreveal parts located on a lower plane. Fig. 2 is an enlarged transversesection taken on the planes indicated by the dotted line az, Fig. l.Fig. 3 is a partly-sectional end elevation of parts of the machine,comprising reels upon which the drawn Wire is wound, this view beingmade upon a scale larger than that of Fig. l, but smaller than that ofFig. 2. Fignt is an enlarged transverse vertical section on the plane ofthe dotted line y y, Fig. l. Fig. 5 is an enlarged longitudinal verticalsection taken upon the longitudinal plane indicated by the dotted lines.e z, Fig. l. Fig. 6 is an enlarged rear elevation of one of thedrawing-die boxes. Fig. 7 is an elevation of a reel for holding drawnwire. Fig. 8 is a side View of a hand-truck for carrying such a reel.Fig. 9 is an enlarged vertical section of a turn-head, the plane of thesection being indicated bythe dotted line w w in Figs. l and 3. Fig. l0is a detailed view illustratinga modification. Fig. 1lA is anotherdetailed view illustrating a modilication.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in allfigures;

A designates the frame of the machine. It may be made of iron and of anyapproved form.

B B2 B3 B4 B5 BG B7 designate boxes for hold- As shown, they are sevenin number, but may be more or less numerous at the pleasure of theconstructor. These boxes or holders, as here shown, are of rectangularform and are divided into two compartments b' b2. The rear compartment breceives a lubricating and cooling liquid and the forward compartment b2accommodates a drawing-die C, which may be of any suitable form. As hereshown, it is made in the form of a rectangular plate, with ataperinghole passing through it from rear to front. In the direction of thelength of its drawing-hole it measures less than the compartment b2, sothat it may have a rearward movement in the compartment. When inuse,itis supported by the wire W being drawn. The compartment b2 beingentirely open at the bottom, the tension of the wire holds the dieagainst the forward wall of the compartment b2.

It will be seen that in the top of the rear wall of the compartment b isa groove, that in the wall which separates the two compartments there isa similar groove, and that in the front wall of the compartment b2 thereis also one of such grooves. All of these grooves extend below the planeof the wire while the drawing operation occurs. The lubricating andcooling liquid may ll'ow from the rear compartment b' over into thecompartment b2 around and upon the drawing-die C. Most of it will passoff through the bottom of the compartment balthough some may pass fromthe front wall of such compartment. I may additionally use a pipe P fordischarging the liquid into a hole in each die. Thus all the dirt andother extraneous matter may be Washed off and prevented from interfering-with the operation of the die.

Each drawing-die box is supported upon a plate b3, which, as here shown,is at the rear end pivotally connected by a bolt b4 to an arm @,extending laterally from the main portion of the frame A. Hence it may movetransversely. The upper part ofthe plate b3 is provided with alongitudinal dovetailed groove, in which the drawing-die box is engagedso as to be free to slide lengthwise. At the forward end the groove `ofeach plate b3 is closed. Obviously the die-box may move rearwardly outof the normal position by sliding along the plate b3. The advantage ofproviding for this rearward movement of the die in its compartment andthe rearward movement ot' the diebox is that when the block has beenstopped and is given a slight movement in the reverse direction theloops surrounding the drawingrollers will be made larger, therebypreventing friction between the wire and drawing- IOO - being used tosecure it in place.

rollers. It also takes off the strain from the parts that are engaged bythe die-holder during the drawing operation.

Under each die-box is a receptacle D, perforated at the bottom. lt restsupon the frame A or an appurtenance thereof. When a die is dropped, itfalls into the receptacle. In this way dies may accumulate until suchtime as they are needed, when the receptacle will be lifted out, theliquid within it will run off, and the dies may be picked out.

Intermediate of the die-boxes are drawingrollers C C2 C3 C4 C5 CG. Theyare aiiixed to the outer ends of shaft c, that are journaled in bearingsa', attached to the frame A, and provided with bevel gear -wheels c. Thebevel gear-wheels c' engage with bevel gearwheels c2, affixed to a shaftC7, which is journaled in bearings a2, affixed to the frame A. Anysuitable means maybe employed for ilnparting rotary motion to the shaft(3L-as, for example, gearing engaging with the gearwheel c3, affixed tosaid shaft.

It will be observed that the bevel gearwheels c c2 for the differentrollers C C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 are differently proportioned. This is for thepurpose of producing such drawing action as will be commensurate for theelongation of the wire produced by the drawing operation.

The rollers are of hollow construction to provide for the circulation ofthe cooling and lubricating liquid. Their construction may best` beunderstood by reference to Figs. 4 and 5. Each has a body portion 01 ofcylindric form, which is connected by spokes c5 with a hub c6. As hereshown, the shaft c, upon which the body of each roller ts, is reduced indiameter at the outer extremity, so as to receive the hub c6. The hubrests against the shoulder formed where the shaft is reduced. The outerextremity of the shaft is screwthreaded and has a nut c7 fitted toit.Aspline e8 engages the shaft and the hub of the roller, so that the twowill rotate together.

Adjacent to the outer side of the body of each roller is a flange c.This also fits the shaft c. It is clamped between the side of the faceportion c4 and of the hub c6 of t-he body of the roller on one side andthe nut c7 on the other side. It has an opening e111, which iscoincident with the spaces between the hubs cG of the roller-body. Italso has openings c11, which are outward of the face portion c4 of theroller-body.

The cooling and lubricating liquid used in the drawing operation maycirculate through the body portion of each roller and also through theflange portion and around the wire which embraces the roller.

A chamber 012, constituting a flange, is arranged adjacent to the innerside of each roller. lt is hollow throughout and is fitted into a rabbetformed in a plate 013, bolts C14 The plate 013 is provided with a hubC15, that fits upon the shaft c. A lug or lugs o16, extending from thechamber C12 to one side of one of the bearings of the shaft c, isfastened to such bear- ,ing by a screw 017 or other suitable means.

The outer wall of the chamber 012 has a circular opening, into whichprojects a flange C18, with which the face portion of the body of theroller is provided. There is, however, an annular space left betweenthis flange 018 and the outer wall of the chamber G12, so that thecooling and lubricating liquid may pass through. A pipe 019 supplies theliquid to the chamber 012, and from the chamber it flows through theannular space just mentioned over the outer surface of the roller-body.It

also flows from the chamber C12 through the space between the spokes c5of the body of the rollers and thence through the opening G10 into theflange e9 and finally out of the latter through the openings 011 overthe rollerbody and the wire which embraces the same. Over each roller isa hood c2?, which may advantageously be made of sheet metal and havingan extended portion d20. The hood is designed to prevent any excessivethrow of the cooling and lubricating liquid from the rolls and also todeflect the fluid thrown off by the centrifugal force through theextended portion into the die-box. Hence it will normally be in closerelation to its roller. It is fitted to slide vertically along guides021, which are attached to the chamber 012. When in its normal position,it will rest upon blocks 022, but when raised it may be supported by abolt o23, bearing upon the top of one of the guides C21. As here shown,the bolt cis pivotally connected to one end of a hand-lever 024, whichat the other end is combined with a spring c25, acting in such directionas to throw the bolt over the top of the adjacent guide whenever theshield is lifted sufficiently high. To lower it, the lever maybemanipulated against the resistance of the spring. A handle c2, arrangedupon one side of the shield, facilitates moving it upward. Obviously thehand-levers C21 may all be operated together by a simple connectingcontrivance.

The pipes C19 for the various rollers lead from the pipes C27, that runlengthwise of the series of rollers and drawing-dies. As may be seen byreference to Fig. 2, the pipes 019 extend downwardly from the lowerportions of the pipes c27 and are provided with controlling-cocks C28,by which the flow of the cooling and lubricating liquid may beregulated. In Fig. l I have shown a pipe 027 along one side of themachine, but have omitted it from the other side in order that I mightbetter illustrate other parts. The two pipes 027 at their forward endscommunicate with a pipe c2. One of the pipes c27 at the other endcommunicates with a circulating-pump 030. If desired, there maybe acirculatingpump c3@ for each of the pipes 027.

Below the two series of rollers and drawing-dies is a large tank E, intowhich the cooling and lubricating liquid flows and from which it israised again by the circulatingpump e30.

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At the forward end of the two series of rollers and drawing-dies arereels F for taking up the wire from the block after the completion ofthe drawing operation. Each reel is adapted to be fitted upon andengaged to rotate with an upright shaft G. Bydescribing the constructionof the reel I will describe the means for supporting and rotating it.

Each shaftG has its upper portion reduced in size, so as to form ashoulder g, upon which rests a reel holder or block F. This block isadapted to interlock with a reel, and it surrounds the upper portion ofthe shaft G, being engaged therewith to rotate simultaneously. Thebearings g support the shafts G. Below these bearings the shafts G havegearwheels g2 loosely mounted upon them, and to these gear-wheels areaffixed the upper portions g3 of clutches G. This part g3 of the clutchrests upon the hub of the part g4 of the clutch, the latter beingfastened rigidly to the shaft. Below the part g4 of the clutch is a coneg5, which rotates with the shaft G, but is capable of being moved up anddown thereon by means of alever gs. When moved upwardly, it swingssidewisean arm gl, that is carried by the part g3 of the clutch. Byshifting this arm sidewise it produces an engagement between the twoparts g3 and g4 of the clutch; This constitutes a device for operatingthe block, whereby the block may be started with a graduated movement.As this clutch of itself forms no part of my invention, it will not benecessary to describev it further than to add that the sidewise movementof the arm Q7 draws together or permits the separation of the ends of adivided ring, which is attached to the upper part g3 of the clutch forthe purpose of engaging or disengaging the said ring and the part g4 ofthe clutch.

The lever g6 is fulcrumed to a bracket Q17 and, as here shown, isprovided with a footpiece g8, so that it may be operated by the foot ofthe attendant, a pivoted catch Q9 being preferably used for the purposeof engaging the foot-piece when it is desired to occupy one position forany length of time-as, for instance, during the drawing operationwhilefilling any reel F. This constitutes a means for throwing into and outof action the device which may be employed for starting the block with agraduated movement and for doing this without stopping the drivingshaft.

I have shown the lever gG as provided with an arm extending upwardly andprovided with a handle g10. After the lling ofV any reel the operatordisengages the catch 99 from the lever g6 by means of his foot and thenwith his hand presses the lever forward, so as to lower the cone g5.Thus the disengagement of the shaft G with the gear-wheel g2 will beeffected. If, as here shown,the upper part of the lever Q6 shall beprovided with abrake 920, the latter will be moved into engagement withlthe block F when the lever'gis pressed in, as just described, by thehand of the operator.

The gear-wheel g2 engages with a gearwheel g11, affixed to a shaft G2,supported in bearings Q12. The gear-wheel g11 engages with thegear-wheel Q13, that is aiiixed to a shaft H, that is journaled in abearing 71,. Affixed to the upper end of this shaft His a beveledgear-wheel h',that meshes with a beveled gear-wheel h2, affixed to theshaft C7. Thus it will be seen that the motion is transmitted from theshaft C7 for the rotation of the reels F.

The reels F each have a head, to the outer portion of which are pivotedby pins f a number of arms f2. As here shown, there are fo'ur of thesearms f2. Their lower extremities are turned outwardly to form supportsf3. Between their ends these arms f2 are pivotally connected by pins f4with the outer ends of links f5, whose inner ends are pivotallyconnected by pins f6 with a socket f 7, that is connected with the headfof the reel F by means of a tube f8, forming a central stein.

Below the head f the tube f8 is provided with a collar or circularprojection fg, and'at the upper end the tube is adapted to slidelongitudinally through the head f. Above the head a suspending-eyef10'is connected with the tube f8, so as to swivel upon the same. At thelower end this swivel-eye has lugs f 1 1, which when the swivel-eyeoccupies its normal position are under hook-shaped lugs f1?, with whichthe head f is provided.`

When the lugs f 11 of the swivel-eye are thus engaged with the lugs f12of the head f, the tube f8 will be incapable of sliding longitudinallythrough the head f. A locking-piece j'13, pivotally connected by apin'f14 to one of the lugs f 12vof the head f, serves to prevent thevdisengagement of lthe lugs f11 from the lugs f1?.

By arotary movement of the sWivel-eyein one direction a rotary movementin the other direction is precluded by reason of having an abutment inthe lugs f12 for the ends of the lugs f 11. This abutment may be formedby simply inclining the outer ends of the lugs f 11 and correspondinglyshaping the opposite surfaces of the lugs f12. If this locking-piece f13be swung to one side, it will become possible to swivel the eye f10 soas to disengage its lugs f11 from the lugs f12 of the headf. Then thetube f8 may be slid upwardly through the head f. The raising of thesocket f7 incident to this sliding motion of the tube f8 will draw thelinks f5 inward, and thus the lower ends ofthe arms f2 will be movedtoward each other. The reel will thus be collapsed, so that the wire maybe disengaged from it. narily drop off as soon as the reel-is collapsed.

lDuring the winding operation'a reel F is engagedwith a block F', so asto rotate with the latter, and hence with the shaft G, and wind thedrawn wire upon itself.

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Indeed,the coil of wire will ordi- In the circumference of the block F'are a number of vertical grooves corresponding to the number of arms f2in the reel, and when the reel is in place its arms engage with thesegrooves. The socket f7 rests upon the top of a hub with which the blockis provided and fits upon the upper extremity of the shaft G.

Preferablya guard-band]C extends around the lower part of each block F',and consequently around the lower part of each reel F, to prevent thewire from flying outward away from the reel at the end of winding. Afterthe proper quantity of wire shall have been wound upon the reel it islifted off by means of its swivel-eye f10 to make place for anotherreel.

If a filled reel is to be taken to another place, so that the wire uponit may be drawn still finer, a convenient way of removing it would be toplace it upon a carriage I, as shown in Fig. 8. This carriage has aplatform t', supported by two pairs of wheels z", the forward pair ofwhich may be swiveled to the platform, if desired. Above the platform 1la post i2 extends upward. A table t3 is supported by the post i2 in sucha manner as to be free to swivel or rotate about the same. In its uppersurface are recesses 'Z4 for the reception of the supports f3, formed atthe lower extremities of the reel-arms f2. Obviously this table 3 mayrotate for unwinding a coil of wire upon a reel F, which is supportedupon the post t2.

It would be advantageous to use two reels in connection with each of theseries of rollers and drawing-dies and to alternate these two reels inthe position for taking wire. To facilitate the alternation of thereels, I combine them with a bar J. As here shown, this bar J issupported by a turn-table J', (shown best in Fig. 9,) comprisinga centerbolt j, through the lower end ot' which the bar J passes. The upper endof the center bolt j has a head j', that rests above a plate j?. Acorresponding plate f3 surrounds the lower part of the center bolt jbelow a shoulder j, with which the said bolt is provided. Beneath theplate js is a Washer j5. Beneath this ,washer a key ,7'6 passes throughthat slot in the center bolt through which the bar J passes, the keybeing longitudinally inclined and serving to effeet the clamping of saidbar J in the center bolt. Between the plates L7'2 and ja are plates L7'7and js, which are aiiixed to bars K,.forming part of an elevator.Between the plates jzj" and also between the plates jsjs areantifriction-rollers j. Obviously the plates ]'2 ja, together with thecenter bolt j, may rotate relatively to the plates jjs. By this meansthe bar J may be oscillated about the center bolt j as an axis ofmotion. Each bar J has at its end hooks jm. These hooks may be swiveledin stirrups j, which are pivotally connected by pins jm with the ends ofthe bar J. As shown in Fig'. 10, each hook jm may have a swivelingconnection with a hanger provided with a peripherically-grooved rollerr, adapted to travel along the upper edge of the bar J.

The elevator-bars I( are attached to the plunger 7c of a hydraulicengine K', that is controlled by any suitable valve and, as here shown,through the agency of a Wheel 7a2 and an adjustable rope 7c3, which isapplied to the said wheel 7a2 and extended around the guide-pulleys 704765 to positions where it will be convenient of access.

A table L is arranged in convenient relation to each of the blocks F. Ashere shown, it is supported by a post Z, extending from the floor. Inits upper surface are recesses Z for the supports fa of a reel. Thistable may be precisely like the table 713 heretofore described inconnection with the carriage I. A swiveling connection is formed betweeneach table L and each post Z by means of a center screw Z2 or in anyother convenient way. Each table has a number of radial notches Z3extending inward from its circumference. Reference to Fig. l will showthat the approved arrangement is one wherein the center of a block F',the center of a turntable J and the center of a table L will beintersected by one straight line. When the parts are thus arranged, theadjustment of a bar J into such position that one of its hooks jl" willengage with a reel F which is taking wire will cause the other hook jlof said bar J to occupy a position over the table L. Hence two reels maybe engaged with one bar J at the same time.

Whenever a reel has been filled with wire, the bar J will be swungaround and lowered, so that one of its hooks flo may be engaged with theswivel-eye ,7'10 of that reel. At the same time the other hook jm ofsaid barJ will be engaged with a reel resting upon the correspondingtable L. Then the elevator Will be raised, and afterward by hand the barJ will be turned, so as to transpose the two reels, the iilled reelbeing thus deposited upon the table L and the empty reel being depositedupon the block F', ready to take wire from the adjacent series ofrollers and drawing-dies. The Wire upon the reel deposited on the tableL may now be prepared for removal by inserting wires or cords throughthe notches Z3 of the table L up into the inside of the coil of wire inorder that it may be bound to preserve itin coil form. Afterward thereel may be collapsed by swinging aside the catch fla and engaging oneof the hooks of the bar J and elevating the reel by means of theelevator. The elevator may be counterbalanced. I have shown acounterbalance-cable k6,which is intended to lead to a weightconveniently located.

By reason of the clutch G', which, as will have already been understood,is a frictionclutch, I can start and stop the reel holder or block F atpleasure and do so gradually, While the rollers C to CG are leftrunning. When it is started, it will tighten thc coil of IOO IIO

wire upon the roller C6 and cause that to d raw the wire forward. ThisWill have the effect of tightening the wire upon the roller C5, and soone roller after the other will be caused to act upon the wire to drawit forward. Whenever the reel holder or block is stopped, the loops ofwire surrounding the rollers will become slack and the wire will nolonger be moved forward by the rollers.

I desire to cover a means at any suitable part of the machine forstarting the block with a graduated movement and without stopping thedriving-shaft, as in this way it will be possible to operate at a higherspeed than otherwise could be done.

The combination of parts for changing reels,

including the hydraulic elevator, facilitates the drawing of wirerapidly, and therefore conduces to the main object of my invention.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

l. In a wire-drawing machine, the combination of a die, rotatabledrawing-block, a drawin g-roll,means for rotating the said drawing-roll,a starting and stopping mechanism for starting the drawing-block with agraduated movement, and means for throwing said starting and stoppingmechanism into and out of action Without stopping the drawingroll,substantially as described.

2. In a wire-drawing machine, the combination of a die, a drawing-block,a drivingshaft, a continuously-rotating drawing-roll operated from saiddriving-shaft, a starting and stopping mechanism between thedrivingshaft and drawing-block for startin g the block with a graduatedmovement, andV means for throwing into and out of action said startingand stopping mechanism, without stopping the driving-shaft,substantially as described.

3. In a wire-drawing machine, the combination of a die, a rotatabledrawing-block, a drawing-roll, means for rotating the drawingroll, afriction-clutch for starting the block with a graduated movementandmeans for throwing said 4clutch, into'and out of action withoutstopping the drawing-roll, substantially as described.

4. ,In a wire-drawing machine, the combination of a series ofdies,'continuously-rotating drawing-rolls, intermediate saiddies, adrawing-block, a driving-'shaft for operating said drawing-rolls anddrawing-block, a starting and stopping mechanism between said block anddrivin g-shaft for starting the drawing-block with a graduated `movementand means forv throwing said starting and stopping mechanism into randout of action without stopping the driving-shaft, substantially asdescribed.

5. In a wire-drawing machine, the combination of a series of dies, arotatable drawingblock, drawing-rolls, means for positivelyrotating saiddrawing-rolls, a starting and stopping mechanism for ,starting thedrawingblock with a graduatedmovement and means for throwing into andout of action said starting and stopping mechanism without stopping thedrawing-rolls, substantially as described. y

6. In a Wire-drawing machine, the combination of a series of dies, arotatable drawingblock, drawing-rolls, means for positively anduniformly rotating said rolls, a starting and stopping mechanism forstarting the drawingblock with a graduated movement, and means forthrowing into and out of action said starting and stopping mechanismwithout stopping the drawing-rolls, substantially as described.

7. In a wire-drawing machine, the combination of a series of dies, arotatable drawingblock, drawing-rolls, means for positively, uniformlyand continuously rotating said rolls, a starting and stopping mechanismfor starting the drawing-block with a graduated movement, and means forthrowing into and out of action said starting and stopping mechanismwithout stopping the rolls, substantially as described.

8. In a wire-drawing machine, the combination of a die, vadrawing-block, means. for operating said block, a starting and stoppingmechanism comprised in said operating' means for starting the block witha graduated movement, means for throwing said starting and stoppingmechanism into and out of action, and a brake for said block adapted tobe operated when the said starting and stopping mechanism is thrown outof action, substantially as described.

9. The method of Stringing a wire-drawing machine which has incombination a series of die-holders, continuously-rotating drawingrollsintermediate the die-holders and a drawing block in advance of theforward dieholder, said method consisting in Stringing a wire withspaced dies that fit in said-holders,

ceiling the wire about each roll in a loop longer than is sufficient totightly embrace the roll and placing the intermediate dies in theholders, so that not until the block is started and` the drawingoperation begins through the forward die will the loops be successivelyvtightened to enable the rolls tooperate upon them to draw the wirethrough the successive dies, a gradual action of the rolls upon the wirebeing thus effected and wear- IOD IIO

ing and heating of the wire being thus preg vented.

. 10. The method of Stringing awire-drawing machine having incombination a series of dieholders, dies fitting in `:said holders andcapable of movement forward and backward in the line of movement of awire, continuously-rotating drawing-rolls intermediate the die-holdersand a block in advance of the forward die-holder, said method consistingin Stringing a wire vyvith the dies and coilingthe Wireabout each rollina looplonger than is sufficient to tightly embrace the roll, so that asthe block is started they drawing operation will begin throughj theforward die, and the loops will be successively tightened to enable therolls to operate upon the wire to draw it through the successive die, agradual action of the rolls upon the wire being effected, and wearingand heating of the wire being thus prevented.

11. The method of Stringingawire-drawing machine which has incombination a series of die-holders, continuously-rotating drawingrollsintermediate the die-holders, a drawingblock in advance of the forwarddie-holder, and means for starting the block with a graduated movement,said method consisting in coiling a wire, carrying dies that t in saidholders, about each roll in a loop longer than is sufficient to tightlyembrace the roll, so that as the block is started and the drawingoperation begins, through the forward die, the loops will besuccessively tightened to enable the rolls to operate upon the Wire todraw it through the successive dies, a gradual action of the rollersupon the wire being thus effected and wearing and heating of the Wirebeing thus prevented, substantially as described.

12. In a wire-drawing machine, the combination of a series of diessupported so as to be capable of movement forward and backward in theline of movement of the wire, continuously-rotating drawing-rollsintermediate the dies, a block in advance of the forward die, means forstarting the block with a graduated movement,and the wire,on which thedies are strung, coiled about each roll, said `dies being adapted tohave a rearward movement therein in Jthe direction of the length of thewire when the drawing-block is stopped from operating, so that the coilof Wire about each drawing-roll will be loosened about the roll,substantially as described.

13. In awire-drawing machine, the combination with sliding die-holders,dies in such holders, a roller intermediate the die-holders, and a blockin advance of the forward dieholder, whereby upon the stoppage of theblock and the reverse movement thereof the adjacent die may move toenlarge the loop around the roller, substantially as specified.

14. The combination witha device for moving wire through a die, of alongitudinallysliding die-holder with which the said die is looselyengaged in the direction of the length of the wire, so that when thedrawing of the wire is stopped thedie may move backward in thedie-holder, substantially as speciied.

l5. The combination with a device for moving wire through a die, of adie-holder, having an opening below the die and a die supported abovesaid opening so that after the wire has been drawn through the die, thedie may drop through the opening, substantially as specified.

16. A drawing-roller for a wire-drawing machine having a hollow flangeformed with openings, said roller being provided with passages incommunication with said hollow iange through which liquid circulates,substantially as described.

17. A drawing-roller for a wire-drawing machine havin g a flangeprovided with passages for the circulation of liquid, substantially asspeciiied.

1S. In a wire-drawing machine, the combination of a drawing-rollerhaving its body provided with passages for liquid, a stationary headhaving passages for liquid com municating with the body of the roller,and means for supplying. liquid to the stationary head, substantially asspecified.

19. In a wire-drawing machine, the combination of a drawing-rollerhaving its body provided with passages, a stationary head arranged insuch relation with the body of the roller that a liquid-passage will beleft between them, and means for supplying liquid to the stationaryhead, substantially as specified.

20. In a wire-drawing machine, the combination of a drawing-rollerhaving its body provided with liquid-passages, a hollow flange forreceiving liquid having passages which lead to the inside and outside ofthe body of the roller, and a stationary head provided with passagesleading to the inside and to the outside of the body of the roller,substantially as specified.

21. In a wire-drawing machine, the combination with a drawing-rolleraround which liquid is circulated, of a sliding shield for liniiting thethrow of liquid from the roller, and means in connection with saidshield for holding it in an elevated position above the roller,substantially as described.

22. In a wire-drawing machine the combination with a drawing-rolleraround which liquid is circulated, of a shield for limiting the throw ofliquid from the roller, and means whereby the said shield may besupported in different relations to the roller, substantially asspecified.

23. In a wire-drawing machine, the combination with a drawing-rollerupon the outside of which liquid is circulated and a die-holder adjacentto said roller, of a shield against which liquid will be thrown from theoutside of the roller, and an extension on said shield by which theliquid will be deiiected into the die-holder, substantially asdescribed.

24. In a Wire-drawing machine, the combination with a block, of a reelthe arms of which are adapted to be iitted to the same and to be removedtherefrom without collapsing, and means in connection with said arms forcollapsing them, substantially as described.

25. In a reel, the combination of a head, of a central stem adapted toslide in said head, arms pivoted at one end to the head, and linkspivoted at one end to the arms intermediate their length and at theirother end to the central stem, substantially as described.

26. In a reel, the combination of a head, arms pivotally connected tothe head, links pivotally connected to the arms, a stem pivotallyconnected to the links, having a sliding bearing in the center of thehead, a swivel- IOO eye connected to the stem, and means for engagingthe swivel-eye so as to prevent the movement of the stem relatively tothe head, substantially as specified.

27. In a reel, the combination of a head, arms pivotally connected tothe head, links pivotally connected to the arms, a tubular stempivotally connected to the links, adapted to be titted upon a support,and having a sliding bearing in the center of the head, and means forlocking the said stem and head together, substantially as specified.

28. In a reel, the combination of a head, arms pivoially connected withthe head, links pivotally connected to the arms, a stem pivotallyconnected to the links, and having a sliding connection with the head, aswiveleye connected with the stem, lugs upon the swivel-eye and upon thehead and a catch for holding the lugs of the swivel-eye and of the headin engagement, substantially as specified.

29. The combination of a drawing-block carrying a reel which is rotatedtherewith, an elevator carrying a turn-table, arms extending from saidturn-table, one of said arms adapted to be connected with the reelrotated by the block, while the other of said arms is adapted to beconnected with the second reel, substantially as described.

30. In a wire-drawing machine, the combiy nation of an elevator, asupport for two reels pivotally connected with a part of the elevatorand reels supported so as to be able to rotate relatively to saidsupport, substantially as speciied.`

3l. In a wiredrawing machine the combination of an elevator, a supportfor two reels pivotally connected with a part of the elevator, and reelssupported so as tovbe able to swing relatively to said support,substantially as specified.

32. In a wire-drawing machine the combination of an elevator, a supportfor two reels pivotally connected with a part of the elevator, and reelssupported so as to be able to travel along said support toward and fromits pivotal connection.

33. In a wire-drawing machine, the combination -of a die, aVdrawing-block, a drivingshaft, means for rotating said shaft at ahighspeed, a device for starting the block with a gradual movement to obtainthe full speed of the drivin g-shaft and means including a handieindependent of the driving shaft, for throwing said device into and outof action tially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES A. COWLES.

Witnesses ANTHONY GREF, F. ROBERTS.

.Without stopping the driving-shaft, substan-

